Introduction: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory lesions induced by bacteria of the oral biofilm and by risk factors such as genetic, nutritional and systemic; this pathology begins as gingivitis when not being treated increases periodontitis. The objective identify relate the prevalence of gingivitis in the Colombian population in the period 2015 to 2018. Method: A narrative monograph was carried out to see the existing evidence of gingivitis and risk factors in the Colombian population. A literature search was carried out in the following databases: LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, PubMed (MEDLINE), Science Direct, and Google Scholar. Results: the most relevant prevalence of gingivitis was 99.6% where it was found that severe gingivitis is the one that occurs the most with 93%, it is observed that gingivitis has a greater presence in women with 23.7%. In the busy groups, incipient gingivitis occurs the most; it is from 3 to 12 years and in ages from 30 to 85 years with 34.1%. The most common risk factor in gingivitis was bacterial plaque with 90% and cigarettes with 48.2%. Conclusion Bacterial plaque was the most important risk factor in gingivitis, which can be preventable, which is why it is important to provide information on gingival status by regions in Colombia, which would help develop preventive programs that benefit oral care of the Colombian population. Keywords: Colombia, Risk factors, Gingivitis, Prevalence.