Currently there is a growing concern for the planet and its preservation, as well as the way in which the governments of the world propose policies in this sense. One of the key issues, from the environmental perspective, is the process of recognition and valuation of natural resources in public entities which, for the Colombian context, observe the guidelines of the General Accounting Office of the Nation (CGN), as an entity of control and monitoring of State resources. For the foregoing, a systematic review of current and published regulations was carried out, which contemplated the accounting framework of the public sector (Public Accounting Regime) and the International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS), which are in full convergence process. The contrast between the two led to the identification of similarities and differences that set several guidelines for the recognition and accounting valuation of some environmental assets. As a result, the regulatory frameworks for the public sector contemplated some accounting recognition and valuation exercises, with a clear market perspective, for some natural resources (mostly non-renewable), but still exclude some resources that clearly integrate the natural wealth of any country. Regarding the latter, some valuation methodologies have been proposed at the level of national accounts (macro-accounting), which are still in pilot phases.