The teaching of astronomy in basic and secondary education in Colombia is not established as a fundamental or exclusive subject, unlike other natural sciences, for this reason, several of its contents are addressed from other subjects of natural sciences or social sciences which teachers from different areas of knowledge assume. Additionally, during the professional training of both bachelors and other areas that concern education or science, astronomy does not appear as a subject in the curricula either, so teaching this science to students is a challenge, which is commonly solved by following step-by-step instructions, workshops, and content that have been repeated from one generation to another. Astronomy is included in the nation's education standards and allows expanding or enabling the development of multiple skills, and situations of technological and cultural interest, among other aspects. So the results of a training methodology for teachers related to the learning and teaching of astronomy are presented through the Diario del Cielo strategy, used in other countries and which has been adapted to Colombian context. In this strategy, tools and practical exercises were developed, giving rise to dialogue spaces that were evaluated through discourse analysis to generate recognition of multiple factors, among which the following stand out: the ideas and knowledge that teachers have in each exercise, the methodology applied in each activity and the transformation of the discourses evidenced through the conversations. Generally determining the expansion or change of knowledge and ideas of astronomy and at the same time the validation of the method used during the research in this exercise of teaching and learning of astronomy in practicing teachers in Bogotá.