The present work carries out an analysis on the ways of learning of a child with autism spectrum disorder based on the approaches of Lev Vogotsky, where the basic and complex learning processes such as sensation, perception, memory, language, intelligence and with they solve problems, linking them with biological structures of the brain; emphasizing the neuronal synapses and why the failure of these synapses in the child with said disorder, taking as a methodology a table of categories and with it the design of an instrument of open questions using a qualitative methodology specifically a descriptive analysis whose population are books, databases, documents among others, that lead to trying to decipher what is wrong in this population.