This research work addresses the pedagogical practice of pre-school and primary basic teachers in rural educational institutions in Colombia, based on the analysis of publications made by different authors specialized in the subject of education in these areas, during the pandemic between the years 2020-2021. A documentary analysis was made through the review of documents selected for this exercise, which are the preamble to the preliminary process of reviewing research background on the subject, which allowed us to recognize the challenges in terms of educational quality that arose in the different rural scenarios of the country.