This work documents the design and simulation of different electronic devices comprising the inner workings of a scanning tunneling microscope, in order to optimize their performance. To do this, theories of circuital analysis, control, instrumentation, digital image processing and data acquisition are applied. From this information it is carried out designing the different circuits making up the system for subsequent simulation via software LTSPICE®. Additionally, through computational tools provided by MATLAB® proceeds to perform the characterization of the scanning tunneling microscope dynamic system to carry out the design and simulation of a digital controller that maintains stable system. Finally, an application for the collection, transmission and data management where you can visualize the quantitative and qualitative information to expose the most relevant aspects of the system develops.