ImpactU Versión 3.11.2 Última actualización: Interfaz de Usuario: 16/10/2025 Base de Datos: 29/08/2025 Hecho en Colombia
Dinámica del clima y vegetación en el Páramo de Berlín (Complejo Santurbán), norte de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia, durante el período Tardiglacial
The Lateglacial (~ 18000 – 11653 cal yr BP) was the transition period between Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) cold conditions and Holocene warm climate. Temperature patterns during this period were relatively similar in northern and tropical latitudes, with cold stadials and warm interstadials, but humidity conditions were quite variable. Knowledge about paleoprecipitation patterns during this period is of crucial importance due to the possible existence of similarities between global warming consequences and abrupt climate change effects during Lateglacial. Nevertheless, most cores available in Colombia until now have been studied at low resolutions and discontinuities are usually encountered in the sediments of this period. In this research a high resolution (~ 40 yr/cm) paleoecological study from the northeastern Colombian Andes is presented, with a time interval from 18009 to 11662 cal yr BP. The studied sediments correspond to the 68 – 229 cm interval of Core PB1, recovered from a lakes complex of periglacial origin at Complejo de Páramos Jurisdicciones Santurbán Berlín (72°49’24.2’’W, 07°06’37.4’’N, 3.570 m altitude). Climate and vegetation history were reconstructed based on pollen, stratigraphy, Titanium and Iron contents, and Loss On Ignition (LOI) at 1 cm resolution. Core chronology relies in 16 organic sediment samples dated by 14C AMS dating, six of which are part of Lateglacial sediments. As a general result, the more humid conditions at Páramo de Berlin took place during the coldest phases at the beginning of Heinrich 1 – H1 stadial and during the Younger Dryas - YD. At the same time, forest pollen representation was relatively high during these phases. The Bølling – Allerød – BA interstadial was also humid, but a progressive humidity decrease was registered during this period and the lowest Lateglacial humidity conditions took place previous to its end. Humidity decrease followed a four - step decline: 17366 – 16700, 16700 – 15531, 15531 – 14327 and 14327 - 13213 cal yr BP. Younger Dryas signal was reflected in two phases. The first, from 13213 to 12400 cal yr BP, was characterized by a humidity increase and a major forest representation, the second, from 12400 cal yr BP onward, was characterized by a tendency to dry conditions which extended until Early Holocene. These results give support to a paleoprecipitation asymmetry in sites located in the northern Colombian Andes with respect to other sites in Llanos Orientales, Cordillera de Mérida and Venezuelan lowlands, caused probably by Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) variations in form and intensity in addition to its north – south long term migration pattern. Andean forest response to humidity changes indicate that, in dry páramos, precipitation could function as a limiting factor which influences greatly the high mountain vegetation belts displacement.