Given the importance of diagnostic images in the human anatomy teaching, it was decided to elaborate a text, which main objective is undertaking a major revision of the topographic and descriptive anatomy of the thoracic region, this paper allows the student of medicine and health sciences to complement his/her anatomical knowledge of the thorax and their approach to diagnostic images. For its elaboration, both texts and atlas of human anatomy and diagnostic images mainly Rx and TC were consulted as well as some articles related to the subject. The text is divided into four modules: the first one is an introduction to the physical bases in the formation and interpretation of diagnostic images: X-rays and CT, the second one is about the basic concepts of the anatomy of the thoracic region, the third one is about the anatomo-iconological correlation of the thoracic region and the fourth one is about the main indications of imaging studies (X-rays and CT), from the thorax Additionally a series of images of the thorax shows the anatomical structures that make them up, making it easier for the reader to identify and correlate them with their previous anatomical studies.