Since Freud abandoned the idea of constructing a psychoanalytic theory based on the biology of his time, psychoanalysis focused on the construction of a hermeneutical metapsychology based on accumulated clinical experience. The metapsychology thus constructed has many epistemological problems that are still under discussion (Jiménez 2006). However, the revolution of the last decades in neurosciences offers psychoanalysis a second opportunity to step into the scientific mainstream in the attempt to understand the