FHAMIPv6 was designed to extend the features of F-HMIPv6 to mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). To do so, it uses a small set of messages to make the registrations with the ad hoc mobile anchor point (AMAP) and the ad hoc home agent (AHA). Other messages are used by the ad hoc previous access router (APAR) or the ad hoc new access router (ANAR) to announce their presence to the ad hoc mobile nodes (AMNs) that approach the network. FHAMIPv6, like other MANET protocols, assumes that the nodes of the network are always
