The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) timescale produces a real-time realization of UTC (NIST) in the form of a pulse-per-second (PPS) time signal and a 5 MHz frequency reference. UTC (NIST) contributes to UTC (Coordinate Universal Time) using TWSTFT (Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer) and common-view GPS (Global Positioning System) techniques. The NIST timing signal is also disseminated to the international and domestic communities using various other techniques: NIST Automated