In Latin America, there are approximately fifty million underserved Indigenous people residing mostly in Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru (UNDP 2004; Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo 2012). Many are still denied their right to an equitable primary education and find themselves unable to break away from the vicious cycle of extreme poverty. Wherever they reside, many Indigenous people are among the poorest of the poor in their nation-state system (Psacharopoulos and Patrinos 1994; Tomei 2005; Hall and