It compared from a structural scheme the regulatory and politician component about the cases of genetically modified food and biofuels based on agricultural commodities in Colombia, Peru, Venezuela and Cuba during the study period 2002-2008. It determines which cases there is a pattern of governance and governance in which both environmental and agricultural interests of energy I determine which of the four cases are affirmed to compare the concepts of food sovereignty and/ or energy. On the issue of policies to compare the objectives are the pursuit of variables that explain the similarities and differences of related public policies, regulations on the subject of legal formants are taken of the countries surveyed in the period 2002-2008 with a view to establish legal transplants and receptions associated with those policies. The conclusion in the case studies receiving transplant from an environmental perspective to the provisions of international treaties on the matter from the Rio Biodiversity Convention and 92 of the Cartagena Biosafety Protocol, Montreal. In agriculture associated with the adoption biofuels majority concluded in the cases studied a model of agro-business and approach the energy issue to the topic of energy sovereignty in the case of Venezuela and Cuba.