Around the Juan Bautista Araujo’s figure, one of the main Andean political leaders of the XIX century, is studied the system of political dominance that prevailed in the region and that revolved around two closely related axes: caudillism and militarism. The sociopolitical and historical analysis takes into account the political groups, the armed revolts, the military institutions, the public rents and the political facts that involved the people of Trujillo, Merida and Tachira.