English Abstract: This study compares the organizational climate differences within professional roles in private and public hospitals. We focused on how physicians, administrative, healthcare and non-healthcare staff either in the public or in the private perceived their work environment and each organizational climate dimension. Data came from organizational-climate questionnaires administered in 2010 and 2012 to 19616 and 1276 health employees in public and private hospitals in the Tuscany Region respectively. We applied exploratory factoranalysis to verify the validity and internal consistency between items in the questionnaire and t-test, one-way analysis of variance to compare mean perceptions regarding to the dimensions across different groups of respondents. We measured four dimensions: “training opportunities”, “managerial tools”, “organization” and “management & leadership style” and overall job satisfaction. Hospital status in the professional roles was found significant in the staff's perceptions (p≤0.05). Spanish Abstract: Este estudio compara las diferencias de clima organizacional en los roles profesionales de hospitales publicos y privados. Nos hemos centrado en como los medicos, administrativos, personal sanitario y no sanitario, ya sea en publico o en el privado perciben el entorno de trabajo, para cada dimension clima organizacional. La informacion proviene de cuestionarios de clima aplicados en 2010 y 2012 para 19616 y 1276 empleados de salud en hospitales publicos y privados, respectivamente, de la Region Toscana. Se aplico un analisis factorial exploratorio para verificar la validez y consistencia interna entre puntos del cuestionario y la prueba t, de un solo sentido el analisis de varianza para comparar significa percepciones respecto a las dimensiones a traves de diferentes grupos de encuestados.