The article presents the results of the research, focused on determining the impact of illegal mining carried out by criminal organizations in the Andean and Pacific regions of Colombia, developed in the context of the Asymmetric Warfare Research Center of the School of Intelligence and Counter Intelligence Brigadier General Ricardo Charry Solano. In effect, illegal mining has become a phenomenon that has the capacity to affect the obtaining of resources of the States of the region, when they are usufruited by private hands that do not pay taxes or royalties. In the Colombian case, this phenomenon acquires a broader dimension because it involves illegal armed groups that obtain financing for their criminal and terrorist activities from illegal mining. To understand this problem, the reader will find in this article a description of the phenomenon of illegal mining as a result of the high prices of minerals on the international market. Subsequently, the phenomenon is addressed in the context of Colombia's internal armed conflict, in which the presence of illegal armed groups converges with illegal mining in the Andean and Pacific regions, posing a growing threat to national security. Finally, the illegal mining activities of illegal armed groups in the aforementioned regions are observed.