Ionizing radiation (IR) associated to medical equipment (ME), it’s found as one of laborrisk of more importance now a days, due to surgical procedures increments supportedon ionizing radiation. Therefore, it needs an understanding on the biological effectsthat can fall from such exposure on health personnel from different areas to this enda system review is proposed to understand basic and new concepts about the IR,the health personnel exposure in diverse procedures, knowledge on unlike surgicalgroups, knowledge implementation in surgical practices, new technologies impactevaluation on safety equipment, and drawbacks associated to the safety equipmenton health personnel. Being this information usable to educate on the IR application insurgical environment and improve the clinic practice associated with its usage.