They have led us to believe that the word development is unique and unequivocal; that everything that its concept encloses, is endless of positive conditions that lead us to a better state of things, to a better living; that takes us forward, makes us move forward, allows us to improve. However, with the countless struggles and conflicts that are now generated within neoliberal and capitalist economies, we can no longer see development in this way. Increasingly, his dark tentacles become visible, which, wearing a mask often of democracy, civilization, rights, and freedoms, has become the greatest executioner of our societies, especially our Aboriginal peoples, who end up being historical victims of one system of occupation, disposing and ignorance of the other. Precisely in this essay, I intend to make a philosophical and descriptive reflection of one of the most exercised economic practices today in our Latin American countries: I will talk about mining, but not in general, but of that what carried out in indigenous communities, to see how the State lost its character in this system and how under the false idea of single progress, one of the greatest human rights violations is taking place in our territories, within which they are genuine neocolonial practices.