The income tax on individuals has become in recent years one of the largest revenues of the State, since this tax finances the operation of the State and is also used for investment in social works and programs. Without the payment of this tax, the State would not have enough resources to cover public spending. For this reason, this research performs an analytical review of the income tax in the countries of Brazil, Peru and Colombia. Methodologically, this study is oriented to a qualitative approach which seeks to perform an interpretative analysis through the information researched. On the other hand, it is of a documentary nature, taking as reference scientific research articles, current regulations established in each of the countries analyzed, books and other existing literature that contribute to the results to be presented. It begins with the types of income taxation, which allows understanding the tax system in the different Latin American countries, also a comparison is made between the name, generating fact, active and passive subject, rates and taxable base of Brazil and Peru versus Colombia, which allows seeing the changes in terms of the schedular system of each one. It is observed that the country with the highest rate for the calculation of the tax is Colombia with 33% and the country with the lowest rate is Brazil with 25% and Peru 30%, it is also observed that the schedular systems of each one present similarities in terms of the number of cedulas to be made (5)