Divorce or separation of a couple with children puts an end to the coexistence of both parents together with their children, causing multiple negative and in some cases positive effects on the family, mainly on minor children. Objective: This work sought to describe the effects (both positive and negative) that divorce or separation from the parents of children between 6 and 10 years old can have, according to psychological research from the last 10 years. Method: The study was a documentary research, which started from a review of scientific literature of articles published in Spanish during the last 10 years. Results: The research resulted in the finding of 18 articles that described the negative effects of children with divorced or separated parents, two articles that describe children's perception of separation or divorce and another where evidence that there may also be effects positive mainly in those troubled families. Conclusions: In the review, it was possible to identify various negative effects on a psychological and emotional level, such as: depression and anxiety problems, decreased academic performance, decreased well-being and quality of life, bringing consequences even in adulthood, mainly difficulties in relating. Similarly, several articles mention a relationship of the negative effects of divorce or separation on children when it comes to conflictive couples, a situation in which a separation or divorce can be beneficial.