espanolEn este trabajo se presenta la caracterizacion de una escoria de aluminio proveniente de la industria primaria, con tamano de particula inferior a 3.35 mm. Inicialmente el material fue separado en cuatro fracciones granulometricas las cuales fueron analizadas mediante difraccion de rayos X con el fin de analizar la cantidad de cada una de las fases cristalinas presentes en la escoria. Se encontraron las siguientes fases: aluminio metalico, oxido de aluminio, espinelio, espinelio con defecto, diaoyudaoite y nitruro de aluminio. La dependencia del tamano de particula con la cantidad de cada una de las fases cristalinas fue analizada mediante un analisis de varianza (ANOVA) con un nivel de confianza del 99%. Del analisis estadistico se pudo concluir que la variacion en el contenido encontrado de cada fase cristalina es explicada en un alto porcentaje por el tamano de particula. EnglishThe Rietveld method was used in order to determine the amount of crystalline phases present in aluminum dross with particle size less than 3.35 mm. Initially, the dross was separated in four granulometric fractions by screening. Two samples of each granulometric size were obtained by means of quartering and homogenization. Each sample was grounded and subsequently analyzed by X-ray diffraction in order to identify and quantify the crystalline phases present in the dross. Metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, spinel, defect spinel, diaoyudaoite and aluminum nitride were identified and then quantified by the Rietveld method. In order to observe the dependence of the particle size with the amount of each phase, statistical analyses was done by means of analyses of variance (ANOVA). The coefficient of determination R2 was greater than 94% for all phases except for the NaAl11O17 phase. Thus, the amount of each crystalline phase is satisfactory explained by particle size.