The world faces a series of great environmental, economic and social challenges that must be addressed to guarantee a future with well-being for all, as well as face progressive climate change, the vulnerability of some regions, the reduction of biodiversity, food security and nutrition, the depletion of water and soil, and social inequalities. Recently, the bioeconomy has been presented as a viable way to face the emerging demands of production and consumption patterns, more in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) synthesized in the 2030 Agenda. This article examines Through a bibliographic review the concept of bioeconomy, emphasizing the benefit in the face of the challenges it faces. An assessment of this reality can address a large number of topics; However, the main content is focused on the constitution of the bioeconomy as a strategy, which is rapidly evolving towards a broad vision for sustainable development, making use of the new knowledge, innovations and technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, which allow understanding and harnessing the potential value of nature in ways previously unimaginable, allowing a total change in the role of biological resources in structuring economies and the pursuit of social well-being. The article contributes to the debate on the matter, specifically in two methodological aspects: 1) The verification of the hypothesis Circular economy + bioeconomy = sustainability and 2) The replication of scientific findings in emerging sectors and technologies in the 4.0 revolution.