In this article an exploratory analysis about physical, human and economic geography of Valle del Cauca is made, with a fundamental interest in showing the advantages of spatial techniques to perform visual but significant analysis on socioeconomic variables and their relationship radiography on a territory. The results show the presence of poverty clusters, viewed through the spatial distribution of the quality of life Index (QLI) and unsatisfied basic needs (UBN) for 2005. It is remarkable the interrelation of diverse economic geography factors that condition the regional structure of productivity and predisposing the goals in social aspects.