This is the first review on the systemic and complexity perspectives of narcotrafic. The research aim was to identify trends in the literature and examine whether the narcotraffic studies have addressed key processes of the criminal organizations such as innovation and entrepreneurship, the permanence of drug traffic as global phenomenon, and the organizational transformation of the drug enterprises. It was found that the systemic and complexity perspectives has contributed to explain the foundations of organized crime, especially narcotraffic. System dynamics is the most prevalent framework in the literature on narcotraffic. Furthermore, it was found little research from the systemic and complexity perspectives on the innovation and entrepreneurship processes of the narcotraffic companies or “carteles”. This literature review have four sections: theory framework, narcotraffic as an issue, a review of the state of the art of the research, an analysis of the narcotrafic based on system dynamics and modelling techniques, and a final considerations.