The present educational research article dealt with the recognition of the previous knowledge of students, and parents, of the Institucion Educativa Rural San Miguel regarding the effects of the use of Mercury in artisanal mining in the biotic and abiotic mass. The research corresponded to the first phase, exploratory with descriptive scope, of the integrative research oriented from the subject Natural Sciences and Environmental Education. In order to achieve the purpose of the investigation, the School Environmental Project was studied, and the perceptions of grade 5 students and their parents were recognized through a didactic sequence with the use of active pedagogies. The findings indicate the importance of constructing the School Environmental Project together with the community and of orienting the subject of Natural Sciences and Environmental Education from the reality of the territory in such a way that the pedagogical mediation provides elements of recognition of this, offers elements of reflection about care of the environment, conservation of biotic and abiotic factors while ensuring the sustainability and sustainability of the educational community and its environment.