This research shows the main concepts related to the solar resource and its energy potential. In addition, it addresses basic concepts of solar radiation, energy potential, estimation and measurement of solar radiation and instrumentation used to capture information from this resource. In the second part of the research the behavior of the solar resource in the department of Norte de Santander is analyzed, for which the research strategy used resumes the thermal floors: warm, temperate and cold. Likewise, Cucuta, Ocana and Pamplona are defined as three municipalities representative of the characteristics of each thermal floor, which, in addition, have reliable and up-to-date sources of information. Finally, the methodology of information analysis is described, taking into account the identification and selection of meteorological stations, as well as the processing and analysis of data. To conclude, this research identifies the solar energy potential of the department of Norte de Santander. The above, through the IDW interpolation of the ArcGIS Software and the multitemporal analysis of solar irradiation, providing a brief explanation of the use and application of solar energy potential as a new source of benefits for the human development of the department population.