Self-management is the economic form of social emancipation, insofar as it means that it is the people, who take the control of their affairs in their hands, by building and recreating their territories. In Latin America, there are numerous social movements, which have used self-management as a complement to their practices of social and cultural resistance. This article, through a theoretical reflection, will see self-management as a tool of resistance, as exemplified in the social movements in Argentina and Chile.