Se elaboro un «Diseno experimental completamente al azar de efectos fijos y de arreglo factorial 32» con dos factores y tres niveles: Materiales [vidrio volcanico coloreado (VVC), vidrio volcanico incoloro (VVI) y fragmentos de matriz (FM)] y Reactivos [acido humico (AH), acido oxalico (AO) y agua acidulada (AA)]. La solubilidad se evaluo a traves de la medida de dos variables maestras: pH, conductividad electrica (CE) y tres variables de control: aluminio (Al), silicio (Si) y hierro (Fe). Los FM presentaron mayor superficie especifica, mayor superficie de reaccion, mayor numero de rasgos de alteracion superficial y produjeron mayores cantidades de iones de Al3+, Si4+ y Fe3+ (72%), seguido por los VVC (23%). En los tres materiales a medida que transcurrio el tiempo, los tres reactivos tuvieron efecto muy agresivo sobre las superficies, formas y bordes. En los FM se evidenciaron mayores marcas o rasgos de alteracion, en los VVI solo se manifestaron a partir del segundo ciclo y fueron, por lo general, leves. 90% de los datos se localizaron dentro del campo de estabilidad de la alofana/imogolita a pH entre 6.0-7.2 y actividad del H4SiO4 entre 10-3.2-10-4.8, Un 7% de los datos se localizaron en el campo de estabilidad de la haloisita cuando el pH disminuyo y la actividad del H4SiO4 aumento; 3% lo hicieron en el de la gibsita, cuando disminuyo la actividad del H4SiO4. Esto significa que en todos los casos para los tres materiales estan las condiciones dadas para que se forme imogolita (alofana/imogolita). AH fue el reactivo que mas extrajo Al, luego lo hizo AO. En ninguna de las reacciones los sistemas alcanzaron el equilibrio. Los procesos de disolucion estuvieron gobernados por reacciones de primer orden durante el primer ciclo y de segundo orden en el segundo y tercer ciclos. Palabras claves: Vidrio volcanico, fragmentos de matriz, meteorizacion experimental, disolucion, Cordillera Central colombiana. ABSTRACT To study in the laboratory the physical meteorization and chemistry of the womb fragments and of the volcanic glasses belonging to the North area of the Colombian Central Mountain range it was the central objective of this investigation. For it was elaborated it a «I Design experimental totally at random of fixed effects and of factorial arrangement 32» that has two factors with three levels each one, this way: Materials [(glass volcanic colored (VVC), glass volcanic colorless (VVI) and matrix fragments (FM)] and Reagents [acid humic (AH), acid oxalic (AO) and it dilutes acid (AA)]. The solubility was evaluated through the measure of pH, electric conductivity and three control variables: aluminum, silicon and iron. FM present bigger surface specific, bigger reaction surface, bigger number of features of superficial alteration and they are those that bigger quantities of ions of Al3+, Si4+ and Fe3+ topk place (72%), continue to these the VVC (23%). In the three materials it is observed that as it lapses the time, the three reagents, they go having a very aggressive effect on the surfaces, forms and borders of these, such effects are measured by the type of marks or prints, the intensity and the abundance of them. In those FM is where bigger marks or alteration features were evidenced in VVI they were manifested starting from the second cycle and they were, in general, light. 90% of the data were located inside the field of stability from the allophane/imogolite to pH values among 6.0-7.2 and, to values of the activity of the H4SiO4 among 10-3.2-10-4.8. 7% of the data is located in the field of stability of the haloysite when the pH diminishes and the activity of the H4SiO4 increases and, 3% makes it in that of the gibbsite, when it diminishes the activity of the H4SiO4. This means that in all the cases the given conditions were for the three materials formed imogolite (alophane-imogolite). The AH is the reagent that more it extracts to the, then makes it the AO, AA. In none of the experimental reactions on the systems reach the balance. The processes of breakup were governed by reactions of first order, during the first cycle and of second order in the second and third cycle. Key words: Glass volcanic, womb fragments, experimental meteorization, dissolution, Colombian Central Mountain.
Tópico:
Clay minerals and soil interactions
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