The aim of this study was to evaluate the chronic effects of 3 yrs of sport practice climbing on autonomic modulation by analyzing the HRV using a time/frequency-domain method. Sixteen male subjects were allocated to two groups: (a) sedentary group (SG, n = 9), participants with no or irregular physical activity; and (b) indoor rock climbing group (IRCG, n = 7), participants have practiced indoor rock climbing for 3 yrs with regular practice at 2 times·wk-1 and with similar technical skill. There were statistically significant differences in HRV time and frequency domains (RR interval, SD1, RMSSD, LF, and HF) between the SG group and the IRCG group. However, IRCG showed higher values in all differences. The findings indicate that the long-term practice of sport climbing produces higher HRV in the indoor rock climbers compared to sedentary individuals, thus indicating some cardiovascular benefi