The recognition of the particular conditions of the peasantry production that is not derived from coffee, the identification of its potentialities and limitations, is a key element to define its articulation within the dynamics of local development, due to the effect on the conditions of the life of the peasantry of remote regions that are traditionally excluded from the strategies of reconstruction of the economic and social fabric of the territory. From this perspective, a mixed study with a sequential explanatory focus was carried out to know the productive structure of these units in the little towns of Alpujarra, Murillo, Rioblanco and Santa Isabel in Tolima, having in mind the agricultural vocation of the territory and the great effect of the peasantry agriculture to overcome poverty conditions as long as adequate strategies are given to peasantry population. For this purpose, it is essential to have a detailed knowledge of the categories that rule its productive organization.