Recent phylogenomic analyses have solved evolutionary relationships between most of the Orchidaceae subfamilies and tribes, yet phylogenetic relationships remain unclear within the hyperdiverse tribe Cymbidieae and within the Orchidoideae subfamily. Here we address these knowledge-gaps by focusing taxon sampling on the Cymbidieae subtribes Stanhopeinae, Maxillariinae, Zygopetalinae, Eulophiinae, Catasetinae, and Cyrtopodiinae. We further provide a more solid phylogenomic framework for the Codonorchideae subtribe within the Orchidoideae subfamily. Our global phylogenetic analysis includes 86 plastomes obtained from GenBank and 11 newly sequenced orchid plastomes genomes using a Genome Skimming approach. Whole genome phylogenies confirmed phylogenetic relationships in Orchidaceae as recovered in previous studies. Our results provide a more robust phylogenomic framework together with new hypotheses on the evolutionary relationships among subtribes within Cymbidieae, compared with previous phylogenies derived from plastome coding regions. Here, maximum statistical support in a maximum likelihood analysis was achieved for all the internal relationships in Cymbidieae, and Maxillariinae is recovered as sister to Oncidiinae for the first time. In Orchidoideae, we recovered Codonorchideae + Orchideae as a strongly supported clade. Our study provides an expanded plastid phylogenomic framework of the Orchidaceae and provides new insights on the relationships of one of the most species-rich orchid tribes.