Tropical montane cloud forests have experienced historical transformations in terms of landscape and land use that have affected their integrity. These ecosystems hold great biodiversity of fauna and flora. In Colombia, a high percentage of Orchids establish in cloud forests due to their climatic conditions and the geological processes that have allowed their diversification. The unawareness, removal and habitat degradation, as well as the decrease of pollinators and reduction of wild populations put them into risk. The aim of this study was to constitute the base line of orchid’s species in a protected area of the Bogota river lower basin. For it, diversity was quantified and described in to two different land covers. In the first one, a protected area of 2.314 ha, 45 phorophyte with DAP ≥ 10 cm were registered in five transects between 2000 and 2250 m.a.s.l. 60 species were found, distributed in 29 genera, Epidendrum, Cyrtochilum and Masdevallia were the most representative. In the second land cover, associated to anthropogenic use, interviews were conducted in to three establishments of plant production and farmer houses in order to know orchid richness, composition among other attributes. 66 species and 20 hybrids were found, distributed in 29 genera were Masdevallia, Epidendrum y Maxillaria were the most representative. Wildlife species were found in to the anthropogenic land covers in a 17%. Ornamental potential and market factors are critical aspects that influence richness and composition in anthropogenic land covers, which were confirmed as genetic refugees. Eleven endemic species were found of which seven are reported in some category of risk.