The consumption of energy drinks in the world every day is more relevant in all population groups (Beltran & Cardona, 2017), the objective of this literature review was to identify the beneficial and adverse effects of the consumption of energy drinks in health, for This was done through a literature search of articles between 2011 and 2018, in the databases EbscoHost, Scopus, PubMed (medline), Redalyc, Scielo. The variables studied were beneficial effects (improvement of concentration, increase in energy, improve intellectual performance), adverse effects (cardiovascular abnormalities, abdominal pain, anxiety, nausea, nervousness). For the collection of information, a table was used for each variable of the studies. The analysis of the results allowed to identify 75% (24) of experimental type studies, 16% of systematic reviews (5), 14 with population under 18 years and 13 with population older than 18 years. The results of the analysis of the aforementioned studies (a total of 32 studies) indicated that the beneficial effects of the consumption of energy drinks have not been proven, while if there is evidence of negative effects, particularly in the population under 18 years of age, with effects such as: insomnia with a total of 7 studies in which they are mentioned, followed by cardiovascular anomalies with 6 studies, abdominal pain (5), anxiety (4), addictions (3), nausea (3) and nervousness (3) as the main effects, although diabetes, behavioral disorders, visual disturbances, seizures, depression and headache are also found. As a conclusion of the study, it was found that both in populations under 18 and in those over 18 years, energy drinks have negative effects on health, while the beneficial effects have not been proven by experimental studies with these drinks.