Objective: Describe the prevalence of mental illnesses and associated factors among National Army officers involved in armed conflict Colombian who were treated at the HUSJ. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study; the population consisted of 49 clinical histories of officers of the National Army in armed conflict with diagnosis of mental disorder, which were extracted from the HUSJ file system and its analyzed by SPSS. Results: In there search a prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD) with 61.22% was found, followed by paranoid schizophrenia with 18.37% and last the diagnosis of unspecified schizophrenia with 4%. Conclusions: A prevalence of PTSD was found with officers of the Colombian army, which doubles the global and Latin American statistical average; In addition, the factors associated are inherent in the activities that the National Army officers have developed.