According to the studies of the World Health Organization (WHO), falls are the second cause of death, due to accidental or unintentional injuries, in the elderly. In this research we will evaluate the various risk factors that precede the older adult to have a fall, using in order to perform a preventive intervention in the vulnerable population observed, in addition this information will be a great contribution for the staff in charge of care of the older adult, in other words, this is a contribution to improve the quality of life of the elderly. In the particular case, a population of 100 institutionalized patients in nursing homes in the city of Bogota D.C. of which 51% are men and 49% are women; in terms of age, 43% are within the range between 60-79 years and 55% between 80-90 years. As for the extrinsic factors, we obtain a population where the use of glasses is 58% and where 21 people had a history of falls in the last 3 months and 71 of the patients have not presented, among the intrinsic factors was determined that the most frequent pathology is arterial hypertension with 52 patients who present it, followed by 30 patients with visual alterations. In addition, when analyzing the Tinetti scale it is evident that factors given by gait and balance increase the risk of falling by 58%.