espanolLos tumores neuroendocrinos (TNE) son neoplasias poco frecuentes que se originan del sistema neuroendocrino difuso. La cirugia es el unico tratamiento potencialmente curativo en enfermedad localizada. Sin embargo, la mayoria de los pacientes se diagnostican con metastasis distantes. Debido a la baja incidencia y a su conducta heterogenea, es dificil estandarizar las indicaciones para la cirugia y el abordaje mas adecuado. Las opciones quirurgicas varian desde procedimientos conservadores y minimamente invasivos hasta reseccion extensa con resecciones vasculares y multiviscerales. Como regla general, los TNE en estadio temprano se asocian con un pronostico favorable, mientras que la supervivencia de los pacientes con enfermedad metastasica depende tanto del grado de diferenciacion como de la localizacion del tumor. Debido a su lento crecimiento, la cirugia es una opcion incluso en enfermedad metastasica, pero debe discutirse siempre dentro de un entorno multidisciplinar que permita mejorar la seleccion del paciente y su evolucion a largo plazo. EnglishNeuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare neoplasms arising from the diffuse neuroendocrine system. Surgery is the only treatment that offers a cure for localized tumors, however most patients are diagnosed with metastatic disease. Due to their relative low incidence and the wide heterogeneity in biological behavior, it is difficult to standardize indications for surgery and the most appropriate approach. Surgical management comprises several options ranging from conservative, minimally invasive procedures to extensive resection that may include also vascular and multivisceral resections. As a general rule, early-stage NETs are associated with a very favorable long-term prognosis, whereas survival outcomes of patients with metastatic disease greatly depend on both tumor grade and primary site. Due to the slow growth of these tumours, surgery is an option even in metastatic disease but it is always recommended to discuss the role of surgery in a multidisciplinary tumour board in order to improve the selection of the patient and the long-term outcome.