espanolObjetivo: identificar cuales son los conocimientos y practicas de los y las terapeutas ocupacionales frente a la prevencion del maltrato infantil. Metodos: estudio descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo que se realizo en Cali - Colombia en el ano 2017. Se analizaron variables sociodemograficas, de conocimientos y de practicas terapeuticas en el abordaje de ninos y ninas menores de 5 anos, teniendo como referencia el modelo sistemico ecologico. Resultados: se encuestaron 42 terapeutas ocupacionales a traves de un muestreo por conveniencia, la mayoria de los y las profesionales (31 terapeutas ocupacionales) fueron mujeres entre los 31- 40 anos que se desempenan en el sector salud y educacion. Se encontro que los y las terapeutas ocupacionales enfocan su quehacer en acciones individuales y disciplinares. A su vez en este estudio se identifico que la prevencion del maltrato infantil se debe concebir como un proceso interdisciplinario e integral. Conclusiones: el quehacer del o de la terapeuta ocupacional en la prevencion del maltrato Infantil generan en el gremio profesional un ambicioso reto, dado que son diversas las acciones que se deben implementar cuando se tiene esta problematica. Por esta razon el resultado de esta investigacion permite resaltar la importancia de intervenir al nino o a la nina de una forma integral mas alla de lo individual articulando el contexto familiar, social y comunitario. EnglishObjective: identify the knowledge and practices of Occupational Therapists against the prevention of Child Mistreatment in children under 5 years old. Methods: a descriptive study that was carried out in Cali in 2017, in order to estimate the prevalence of knowledge of Occupational Therapists against the prevention of child maltreatment, through an ecological systemic look. We analyzed sociodemographic variables, knowledge and therapeutic practices in the approach of the children. Results: 42 Occupational Therapists were surveyed through a convenience sampling, the majority of the professionals were women (31 Occupational Therapists ) between the ages of 31 and 40 who work in the health and education sector. It was found that Occupational Therapists focus their work on individual and disciplinary actions. In turn, this study identified that the prevention of child maltreatment should be conceived as an interdisciplinary process that begins at a particular, social and community level. Conclusions: the actions of the Occupational Therapist in the prevention of Child Mistreatment generate an ambitious challenge in the professional association, given that there are diverse actions that must be implemented when this problem is present. For this reason the result of this research allows us to highlight the importance of observing and intervening the person in an integral way beyond the individual, articulating the family, social and community context in the construction of social networks.