Objective. To establish the social determinants of health that are predictors of healthy physical condition in schoolchildren between 12 and 18 years of age in the municipality of Manizales, Caldas. Materials and methods. Descriptive study of correlational scope with 312 school participants between 12 and 18 years of age from Manizales - Caldas. The social determinants were investigated and, using the extended version ALPHA - Fitness battery, the physical condition was known and allowed to establish the social determinants of health predictors of healthy physical condition in schoolchildren. Results. The relationship, according to sex, was 1: 1, with a mean of 14.99 years ± 2,029 years, the level of education between 6 0 and 110, where 74% of the schoolchildren were enrolled in official institutions, 54.5% walked At the educational institution, the highest proportion (87.2%) consumed at least breakfast, lunch and dinner. 42% consumed liquor in the last 6 months and 9.3% tobacco. 76.5% of schoolchildren do physical exercise. The BMI had a mean of 20.4 kg / m2 ± 3.07 kg / m2. When individual determinants and physical condition were associated, it was evidenced that there is a statistically significant association with the variables sex (p <0.000), physical activity (p <0.002), physical exercise (p <0.005), duration of physical exercise (p < 0.003) and sport (p <0.001). Conclusions. 64.7% of the schoolchildren presented an unhealthy physical condition. The individual determinants that had a statistically significant association with physical condition were: sex, physical activity, physical exercise, duration of physical exercise and sport. Sex is a risk factor for unhealthy physical condition and the duration of physical exercise is a protective factor of physical condition.