Sino-russian relations have been characterized by an ambivalent approach in which cycles of cooperation and rivalry have predominated. A common history that includes invasions, annexations, asymmetries of power and divergent visions would seem to be being overcome by non-aggression pacts, respect for territorial integrity and the institutionalization of strategic partnerships aimed at strengthening cooperation and trade . In addition, the coincidence of these States in international scenarios has been evidenced in the framework of an increasingly multipolar international system, in order to counteract Western influence. In this process of interaction, the energy realm is a key element which has complemented both economies and boosted cooperation schemes due to the role of Russia as a major producer of (and dependent on) hydrocarbons and the role of China as a large consumer, based on the need for sustaining their economic growth rates. In this sense, it is necessary to investigate whether the approach at the energy level has influenced the security paradigms of both States and contributed to overcome historical discord In order to achieve this, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is addressed as a scenario for analyzing the bilateral relationship in security aspects as this Organization has served as a platform reflecting the interests of the two States in the field of energy security and Military cooperation.