Resumo: O presente trabalho trata-se de uma revisao de literatura que objetivou investigar os impasses e desafios no desenvolvimento da educacao sexual dos filhos por parte de pais e educadores, bem como discutir a relevância da educacao sexual na formacao dos jovens. Os resultados evidenciados a partir de diferentes estudos demonstram que muitas familias privam seus filhos da educacao sexual, pelo valor negativo atribuido a sexualidade, por considerarem que o dialogo antecipa a pratica sexual e por se sentirem despreparados e timidos em tratar do assunto. Evidenciou-se que nas escolas a educacao sexual tem ocorrido de forma limitada, a qual aborda apenas os aspectos biologicos e reprodutivos do individuo, negando assim, que essa pratica possa ser saudavel e prazerosa. Desta forma, os resultados apontam para a necessidade de que a educacao sexual seja iniciada em casa e seja complementada na escola, para que possam suprir o despreparo e as dificuldades dos pais em relacao ao tema e ajudar os adolescentes a enfrentar as duvidas e ansiedades. Palavras-chave: Sexualidade. Jovens. Educacao. Escola. THE ROLE OF THE FAMILY AND SCHOOL: SEXUAL CHILD EDUCATION PROCESS Abstract: The present work is a review of the literature that aimed to investigate the impasses and challenges in the development of sexual education of children by parents and educators, as well as discuss the relevance of sex education in the training of young people. The results evidenced from different studies show that many families deprive their children of sexual education, because of the negative value attributed to sexuality, because they consider the dialogue to anticipate the sexual practice and because they feel unprepared and shy in dealing with the subject. It has been pointed out that in schools sex education has occurred in a limited way, which only addresses the individual's biological and reproductive resources, thus denying that it is a formula for the offer of seriousness and pleasure. Thus, the results point to the need for sex education to be initiated at home and be complemented in the school, so that it is premature or unprepared and as parents' difficulties in relation to the topic and help adolescents to cope with doubts and anxieties. Keywords: Sexuality. Youth. Education. School.