The Phillips curve is one of the most important theories in the economy, which poses an opportunity cost for governments regarding the behavior of inflation and unemployment macroeconomic variables. For this purpose, in the Colombian economic system given by the free market and government involvement to some degree, it is necessary that both the State and the monetary authority is the Bank of the Republic, should run different mechanisms that affect the behavior of economic agents in the market, choosing the way that according to the goals constitutes a most favorable opportunity cost.