Venezuela being a State that currently faces internal difficulties, it is necessary to understand the political and socio-economic process of recent decades. The ideological transformation carried out by Hugo Chavez, determined a turn of the Latin American State with regard to its vision in the World System. Although the presidency of Betancourt and Perez began in a foreign policy perspective, anti-American for the Venezuelan oil advantages, it is Chavez who managed to consolidate that position, in order to reach a place in the game of the economic system. However, with the ex-president's death, Chavismo was weakened by the current president Nicolas Maduro, the one who had the confrontation with the emergence of social and national groups, with the government established from 2013, along with economic erosion by reducing the international price of oil. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the role and influence at the national and international levels of antisystemic movements in Venezuela during the last twenty years. To achieve the purpose, the idea that it has three specific objectives. First, detail the ideological, political and economic development of the government of Hugo Chavez Frias. Second, identify how oil has intervened in the emergence of anti-systemic movements in Venezuela. Finally, interpret the emergence of social and national groups, during the government of Nicolas Maduro Moros. Its development is based fundamentally on the theory of analysis. System-World proposed by Wallerstein and in a qualitative methodology. To conclude, the hypothesis put forward is the anti-systemic movements have determined the course and development of domestic and foreign policy in Venezuela, with the aim of transforming the rules of the capitalist game.