The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility and the development of policies around the subject are of vital importance for contemporary industries. The article seeks to introduce different notions about the concept, placing it at different times, currents and schools of thought. To adress this, CSR is approached from neoclassical economics and administration, placing it in the context of different elements of analysis, concepts, aspects of thought and cases of studiy in which the term can be integrated and its importance. The evolution of the same in Colombia, its application in the energy sector and the way in which elements of measurement and socialization of the effects of the application of the same in the hydrocarbon industry are developed.