Education and pedagogy are continually reflecting on their reason of existence and objects of the activity in a constantly changing society, in which achieving its mission, being and doing, according to the expectations and social requirements. Every age h as its invaluable contributions and their representatives. Their current work should be to continue to guide and illuminating social developments, given their contribution to the development and progress of society. This article aims to show part of the co ntext, the references and the Maria Montessori’s contribution to society and education, particularly in the first half of the twentieth century.