This research entitled participation of transitional grade boys and girls as an important factor in decision-making for the construction of is part of the macro research project: Critical social thinking and citizenship of the Autonomous University of Manizales , which made possible the structuring of the research process from the Research Line in Social Sciences Didactics, aimed at the construction of knowledge in the area of ​​social sciences, based on the imminent critical and practical nature of knowledge in students and its interdisciplinary nature, given the inherent complexity of any human or social phenomenon that attempts to explain, understand or transform itself. The purpose of the research was to promote the construction of citizenship from participation in decision-making in the school context, for which the investigative process was developed at the Nueva Florida Educational Institution, located in the Municipality of San Andres de Tumaco , Department of Narino (Colombia), where the school context is being affected by different factors of social and family vulnerability. The fundamental aspects of this research are based on the construction of knowledge from the narratives of the participants, to attribute meaning to the conceptions that emerge around the central categories of research, which are participation, decision-making and the construction of citizenship. In this regard, it is essential to analyze the importance of the development of critical thinking in the educational process, which requires restructuring in all academic and training spaces, from where the need to build clear criteria to strengthen intervention in social practices arises. develop students in their daily lives. Now, these teaching processes require the interdisciplinary articulation of knowledge, to allow the acquisition of learning focused on promoting decision-making by boys and girls from an early age, as well as lead students to the enhancement of mental processes and to function independently and responsibly in their environment; aspects that are important in promoting active participation aimed at building citizenship.