Objetivo: presentar los resultados de una revision sistematica de la literatura medica sobre la tamizacion con tomografia computarizada de baja dosis para el diagnostico de cancer de pulmon en personas adultas sanas con factores de riesgo. Materiales y metodos: se realizo una busqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE (In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations y Daily Update), EMBASE, The Cochrane Library y LILACS para revisiones sistematicas, estudios primarios y consulta a expertos clinicos. Se seleccionaron tres revisiones sistematicas teniendo en cuenta los criterios de inclusion y exclusion establecidos. Se evaluo la calidad de los articulos seleccionados con la metodologia GRADE. Resultados: la realizacion de la tomografia computarizada de baja dosis disminuye el riesgo de morir por cancer de pulmon en un 20 % en comparacion con la radiografia de torax (Un Estudio Clinico Aleatorizado (ECA) de 53.454 individuos, RR 0,80; IC 95 % de 0,73 a 0,93) con una reduccion absoluta de probabilidad de morir por cancer de pulmon de 0,33 % (87 muertes evitadas/26.722 participantes) y reduccion de la mortalidad (Un ECA, 53.454 individuos, RR 0,93; IC 95 % de 0,86 a 0,99) cuando se realiza tomografia computarizada de baja dosis anual, durante tres anos. Conclusion: a la fecha la evidencia clinica sugiere que la tamizacion de personas con factores de riesgo para cancer de pulmon, con tomografia computarizada de baja dosis reduce la mortalidad. Se deben realizar estudios con un periodo mayor de seguimiento y evaluar la costo-efectividad de esta practica. The utility of low-dose computed tomography on the screening of lung cancer of high-risk adults Abstract Objective: A systematic review on low dose chest computed tomography screening of healthy persons with risk factors for lung cancer was developed. Materials and methods: The search was conducted MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library (CLIB) and LILACS databases for systematic reviews and observational and trial randomized study, besides consultation with clinical experts. Three systematic reviews taking into account the inclusion and exclusion criteria were established. The quality was evaluated using the methodology proposed by GRADE. Results: The studies found suggest that the realization of low-dose computed tomography reduces the risk of dying from lung cancer by 20 % compared with chest radiographs (A Randomized Clinical Trial, 53.454 persons, RR 0,80; IC 95 % 0,73- 0,93), with an absolute reduction of probability of dying from lung cancer of 0.33 % (87 deaths averted /26.722 participants) and mortality reduced (A Randomized Clinical Trial, 53.454 persons, RR 0,93; IC 95 % 0,86- 0,99) when computed tomography is performed in low annual doses for three years. Conclusion: To this date, the medical evidence suggests that the screening of people with risk factors for lung cancer through low-dose computed tomography reduces mortality. Further studies with a longer monitoring period must be done, as well as evaluations of the cost-effectiveness in our field of practice.