The purpose of this document is to analyze the historical and legal antecedents of civil and political rights, in the field of International Law as prerogatives that ensure democracy and political participation of associated States. The methodology used for this document is critical, analytical, and documentary, since an in-depth analysis will be carried out through the collection of doctrinal and legal information of civil and political rights. In addition, the international instruments on the topic of discussion will be studied. The development of human rights will be studied focusing on civil and political rights, their historical consolidation in the international field and the impact that these recognitions have had on the democratic processes carried out in various countries of the world, especially in the field of Representative democracies. It is appropriate to affirm that the consolidation of civil and political rights was composed by scenarios of internal and external conflict of the nations which promoted the search for respect for human rights. Despite its long and tortuous path, from its origins of time, human right have been a valuable tool for defending the oppressed classes against dominant groups in all societies and at all times.