This article is the result of a literature review on economic integration applied to this region’s reality, having as a chronological framework the last 50 years of development. It reviews the historical evolution of the Andean Community of Nations (CAN), the reasons for its creation and it questions its integrationist scope from economic and social results; it also analyzes the causes that have led to the loss of its dynamism. The methodology used is a comparative analysis based on the bibliographic review on the asymmetries of its members. The main findings are the cracks in the relations of its members, the community and intra - community exportations decline during 2015 - 2016, and the need to build a new integration model that responds to the demanding challenges of a greater integrative global context