In August 2014, in the framework of peace talks between the national government and the FARC was established Historical Commission of Conflict and its Victims with the mandate to prepare a document based on individual essays about the origins, persistences and most remarkables impacts of the conflict. The report called Contribution to understanding the Colombian armed and far from building an official history is a plural document that opens the possibility of studying the major explanations on the conflict today. For this reason, the next paper is a historiographical approach to that document, that studies the context, the process of functioning of the Commission, the central explanations in the Document, as well as major debates around the topics of the mandate. I conclude that although the report is not innovative in the social sciences, is the initial part of a historical plural account of transition in which violence is abandoned as a mechanism for development political and social conflicts, retaking the weapons of criticism with the opportunities and challenges that it means.