Modifications of articles 360 and 361 of Colombian Political Constitution through 05 of 2011 Constitutional Amendment and the subsequent Law 1530 of 2012, set the transition of the management, administration and investment of resources from Royalties. This new setting meant a significant increasing in resources for investment for non-producer municipalities, but their administrative ability showed shortcomings in process for building public policies and investing in projects financed with Royalties General System. This research presents a theoretical, legal scrutinizing about the concept of decentralization, capacities of Colombian Departments and Municipalities, and main tools that the Law Colombian Framework give to the Municipalities to manage their local development. I took as a case study the municipality of Silvania (Cundinamarca), and I analyzed the investment priorities contemplated in its Municipality Development Management and Investment Plan. Then, I compared all projects approved by the local OCAD in that municipality with the Investment Plan in order to find disparities and priorities among them.